Polish citizenship is based upon the principle of jus sanguinis (right of blood). This means that those born to Polish parents generally acquire citizenship, regardless of the place of birth.
Poland is a member of the European Union and thus, Polish citizens may travel and reside freely in any country that is a part of the EU.
Poland permits dual citizenship.
Here are the different ways of acquiring Polish citizenship:
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Those born to a Polish parent, regardless of place of birth, acquires citizenship at birth.
If a child acquires another non-Polish citizenship at birth, Polish citizenship can be disclaimed within 3 months of birth.
Those born in Poland acquire citizenship when both parents are unknown, when citizenship cannot be established, or if they are stateless.
Those that are descendants of Polish citizens who left Poland after the country became an independent state in 1918 can claim citizenship by descent. It is required that there be no break in Polish citizenship between the emigrant ancestor and the descendant. Those eligible for citizenship by descent can apply for "Confirmation of Possession or Loss of Polish Citizenship" with a local Polish embassy or consulate.
As of August 15, 2012, those who have resided in Poland for at least 3 years with a permanent residence permit, have a regular income and legal title to an apartment, and also know the Polish language may acquire citizenship by naturalization.